From Presymptomatic to Insulin Dependence: The Stages of Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes

An overview of the stages of autoimmune type 1 diabetes, from the development of autoimmunity through to insulin dependence.

Learning Objectives

Understand the criteria used to define the stages of disease in type 1 diabetes

Summary

The risk of developing clinical autoimmune type 1 diabetes (Stage 3) can be identified months-to-years in advance based on the detection of ≥2 autoantibodies to beta cell autoantigens.

Individuals with positive autoantibody status can be categorized into three distinct stages based on progressive changes in glycemic status.

Staging provides a window of opportunity for monitoring, education and preparation.

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Stages of autoimmune T1D Islet autoantibodies Autoimmunity in T1D

MAT-GLB-2405123-1.0 08/2024

Type 1 Diabetes: Mechanism of Beta Cell Loss Caused by Autoimmune T Cells

This animated video provides an overview of the key immunological processes that underlie the development of autoimmunity in T1D. Autoreactive T cells drive pancreatic beta-cell destruction, resulting in insulin deficiency and, ultimately, hyperglycemia and symptoms of T1D.

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Exploring the Impact of Diagnosis

The burden associated with a diagnosis of autoimmune T1D can be wide-ranging. This video describes the impact of diagnosis on an individual and their family.